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This article includes several chronologies relating to J. R. R. Tolkien's legendarium. In Tolkien's cosmology, Arda (the Earth) is at first created without the Sun and Moon to illumine it, and its earliest history is measured in Valian Years (V.Y.). After the creation of the Trees of the Valar, a new tally of Years of the Trees is begun in V.Y. 3501. In about V.Y. 4550, at the First Age of the Children of Ilúvatar begins with the Awakening of the Elves. The Years of the Sun begin with the Awakening of Men in about V.Y. 5000. From this time, First Age lasts for another 590 years. The Second Age extends to 3441 years, beginning with the foundation of Mithlond (the Grey Havens) under Círdan, and Lindon as the Noldorin Kingdom under Gil-galad, and ending with the defeat of Sauron at the hands of the Last Alliance of Elves and Men. The Third Age extends to 3021 years, ending with the final defeat of Sauron in the War of the Ring and the establishment of the Reunited Kingdom of Arnor and Gondor.. The Fourth Age is outside the scope of Tolkien's legendarium, beginning the suggested transition to the historical period, but Tolkien gives a summary of the first two centuries of the Fourth Age.〔in a letter written in 1958, published in , Tolkien places the beginning of the Fourth Age some 6,000 years in the past, consistent with the scope of classical historiography reaching back to just after the beginning Dominion of Men: "I imagine the gap (the end of the Third Age ) to be about 6000 years; that is we are now at the end of the Fifth Age, if the Ages were of about the same length as S() A() and T() A(). But they have, I think, quickened; and I imagine we are actually at the end of the Sixth Age, or in the Seventh."〕 Timeline entries are based on ''The Annals of Aman'' (published 1993) and ''The Grey Annals'' (published 1994) and Appendix B of ''The Lord of the Rings'' (published 1955) unless otherwise noted. ==Summary== Tolkien revised his chronology numerous times. The ''Annals of Valinor'' were written in the early 1930s. In this early version, a Valian Year corresponds to 10 solar years, and the time from the creation of Arda until the creation of Sun and Moon is 3,000 Valian Years. In a revision dated c. 1937, the earlier timeline is mostly left intact, with the addition of the explicit statement that "It is said that the Valar came into the world 30,000 Sun-years ere the first rising of the Moon". The chronology underwent major revisions after the publication of ''The Lord of the Rings'', in about 1958. In this revision, published as the ''Annals of Aman'', Tolkien defined a Valian Year as equal to 9.852 solar years, and the Valian Year of the creation of Sun and Moon was now given as 5000, so that the time between the creation of Arda and the rising of the Sun and Moon was now the equivalent of 47,910 solar years instead of 30,000. Late in his life, Tolkien planned to again revise chronology, now assuming one Valian Year as the equivalent of 144 solar years. This is consistent with his earlier decision (published in 1955 in Appendix D of ''The Lord of the Rings'') that the Elves would reckon time in "long-years" or ''yéni'' equivalent to 144 solar years (thus equating the ''yéni'' and the Valian Year), but Tolkien never finished this final revision. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Timeline of Arda」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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